Freshwater scarcity is a big concern worldwide and it is not slowing down. This problem is because of increasing demand for water, environmental changes, and bad management practices. Water is crucial for various sectors that need it for many purposes. Most resource evaluations only focus on minerals when it comes to water.  This leaves out freshwater, which is a big deal. Water SCARCE is a new approach. Overlooking freshwater's importance has led to the creation of Water SCARCE. This method for assessing freshwater criticality is built on existing methods like ESSENZ and SCARCE. Sonderegger et al. (2015) have also covered water criticality aspects to an extent.

  The factors that Water SCARCE considers are availability, demand, and environmental and social factors. This is a big deal because it shows us that water scarcity isn't just about how much water is available. We also need to think about how people use water and how it affects the environment and society.

  Water SCARCE looks at supply risk, vulnerability, and environmental aspects.  Because freshwater is subject to different rules and regulations,  it's all the more important to look at its criticality.  This is important because it means that we need to think about things like water quality and how water is used in different places, both in terms of geopolitical factors and governance. Water SCARCE does this, but it's not perfect.

  Water governance involves many factors.  This includes political stability in neighboring countries. While Sonderegger's method is good, it lacks a social dimension. This means that it doesn't consider how people use water and how it affects their lives. Water SCARCE fixes this problem by including water quality considerations and social acceptability.

  Our findings show that water availability and socio-economic factors are important. These things need to be considered when looking at water scarcity. Water SCARCE helps us fill in the gaps in how we evaluate resource criticality.  This means that we can assess how critical water is.

  By bridging these gaps, it enhances our understanding of water criticality.  This is important because it means that we can assess how critical water is for a product or a region.  This can help us make better decisions about how to use water.  Future applications of the framework include the calculation of global characterisation factors.  This will enable product-level assessment of freshwater criticality.

Water Worries: Why We Need a Global Plan

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