The Education Department is set to resume debt collection for defaulted student loans starting May 5. This move affects approximately 5. 3 million borrowers who are currently behind on their federal student loans. The decision marks the end of a three-year pause on collections, which began during the COVID-19 pandemic. This pause was extended multiple times by the Biden administration and ended in October 2024.

The collection process will involve the Treasury Department's offset program. This program withholds government payments, including tax refunds, federal salaries, and other benefits, from individuals with outstanding debts. Additionally, wage garnishment will begin after a 30-day notice for borrowers in default. The Biden administration had attempted broad student loan forgiveness but faced legal obstacles.

The shift in policy has sparked criticism from advocates. They argue that borrowers have been confused by the changing policies under both the Biden and Trump administrations. Many borrowers are already preparing for their loan payments to resume. The pause in payments, which began in 2020, provided temporary relief but has now ended, leaving tens of millions of Americans to resume payments.

The situation is further complicated by layoffs at the Federal Student Aid office. These layoffs have made it difficult for students to get answers to their questions about loan repayment. Additionally, there is uncertainty surrounding certain income-driven repayment programs due to a recent court ruling. Borrowers in the SAVE Plan were placed in forbearance, receiving relief from payments but still accruing interest.

For those in default, one option to avoid wage garnishment is loan rehabilitation. Borrowers must request this program from their loan servicer, who will then calculate a payment amount based on income and expenses. After nine consecutive on-time payments, the borrower is removed from default. This process can only be done once.

The Education Department has emphasized the need for responsible management of the student loan program. They aim to help borrowers return to repayment for their financial health and the nation's economic outlook. The department has also highlighted the importance of following the law in managing the student loan program.

The Shift in Student Loan Repayment

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