When it comes to making decisions about health services, including those for mothers and newborns, it's crucial to involve everyone affected – service users and other stakeholders. This practice is seen as democratic and open. But, in low- and middle-income countries, there's a gap in understanding how well these stakeholders are involved in improving maternal and newborn health (MNH) services. This review dives into different ways stakeholders are engaged, the characteristics of these engagements, and the outcomes of these efforts to boost the use and delivery of MNH services.

In LMICs, engaging stakeholders in health services isn't as straightforward as it might seem. There are many challenges to overcome, such as limited resources and infrastructure. Despite these hurdles, stakeholder engagement is vital for making informed decisions that can truly improve health outcomes.

To understand the current state of stakeholder engagement in MNH services, researchers reviewed various studies from LMICs. They found that while there are many strategies for engaging stakeholders, the effectiveness of these strategies can vary greatly. Some common practices include community meetings, focus groups, and surveys. However, the success of these engagements often depends on how well they are planned and executed.

Another important aspect is the characteristics of these engagements. For instance, the level of stakeholder participation can range from being merely informed about decisions to actively participating in the decision-making process. The more inclusive the engagement, the better the outcomes tend to be.

Outcomes of stakeholder engagements can be measured in several ways. One key metric is the uptake of MNH services by the community. When stakeholders feel their voices are heard and valued, they are more likely to trust and use these services. Additionally, the quality of service delivery can also improve as a result of stakeholder engagement.

However, it's not always smooth sailing. There can be challenges like language barriers, cultural differences, and varying levels of education among stakeholders. Overcoming these obstacles requires thoughtful planning and a commitment to inclusivity.

In conclusion, stakeholder engagement in MNH services is a complex but necessary process. By understanding the different practices, characteristics, and outcomes of these engagements, we can work towards improving maternal and newborn health in developing countries.

The Role of Stakeholders in Improving Maternal and Newborn Health in Developing Countries

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