This week, a Texas man might become the first person in the U.S. to be executed for a murder tied to shaken baby syndrome. Robert Roberson, 57, is set to receive a lethal injection on Thursday for the death of his 2-year-old daughter, Nikki Curtis, back in 2002. He has maintained his innocence, and many are questioning the validity of the diagnosis that led to his conviction.

Shaken baby syndrome, now known as abusive head trauma, is a severe brain injury caused by shaking or impacting a child's head, usually by an adult caregiver. This diagnosis has been under scrutiny for years, with some saying it leads to wrongful convictions. Critics argue that the diagnosis is flawed and doesn't account for other possible causes of symptoms, like short falls or illnesses.

The core of the debate lies in the three main symptoms of the diagnosis: bleeding around the brain, brain swelling, and bleeding in the eyes. Some doctors believe these symptoms can be mimicked by naturally occurring illnesses, like pneumonia. However, many medical professionals still stand by the validity of the diagnosis.

Roberson's supporters argue that new evidence shows his daughter died from complications related to severe pneumonia, not abuse. They claim that medications prescribed to her made it harder for her to breathe and accelerated her death. But prosecutors insist that this new evidence does not disprove Roberson's role in his daughter's death.

Recently, courts across the country have overturned convictions or dropped charges related to shaken baby syndrome. In Texas, a judge ordered a new trial after finding that scientific advancements would likely lead to an acquittal in another case. However, Roberson's execution is still set to proceed, despite his appeals.

The First U. S. Shaken Baby Syndrome Execution: What You Need to Know

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