People have always been curious about how economic inequality came to be. One big question is how different ways of getting food, like farming, herding, and foraging, have affected how wealth is spread out. Some people think that societies where owning land was key to producing food had bigger wealth gaps than those where hard work was the main factor.

To test this idea, researchers looked at data from many places and times. They focused on how big people's homes were and how much storage space they had. These things can show how wealthy someone is. They found that in places where land was crucial for farming, there was more inequality. This was true whether they looked at home size or storage capacity. However, how a society was run could change this a bit.

As societies grew bigger, they often moved from relying on hard work to relying on owning land. This shift usually led to more inequality. It also often meant that political structures became more complex. When farming became common, inequality increased in both the eastern and western hemispheres. This was because societies were moving towards land-based economies.

In the eastern hemisphere, where animals were used for farming, inequality kept going up over time. In the western hemisphere, inequality went down. This was because land-based economies didn't last as long there. People in these societies didn't rely on owning land as much. Instead, they focused more on hard work.

This all shows that how a society gets its food can greatly affect how wealth is spread out. It also shows that political structures and technology, like using animals for farming, play a big role. Understanding these factors can help us think critically about economic inequality today. It's important to remember that these findings are based on patterns seen in the past. The present and future might look different.

How Land and Labor Shaped Past Wealth Gaps

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