Green technology innovation (GTI) is turning the tide by helping us break free from the endless cycle of economic growth leading to environmental pollution. Past research has focused on understanding GTI decisions in the supply chain as isolated strategies, overlooking the impact of random factors. This study, based on evolutionary game theory, delves into how suppliers and manufacturers interact and make GTI decisions in the face of uncertainties.

What's fascinating is that government subsidies, carbon pricing, and consumer preferences for green products act as motivators, while the cost of innovation holds things back. As these factors change, the system evolves from a negative state to a better one, ultimately reaching an ideal balance. However, when you throw in random interferences, things get shaky. The ideal state becomes unstable, showing how risky it is for suppliers and manufacturers to team up. On the flip side, heading towards the negative state also gets tougher, and the conditions for this to happen get stricter.

Random interferences play a double role in GTI strategies. They make the ideal state wobbly but also make it harder to fall back into a negative state. Moreover, in the continuous strategy space, there's no such thing as a complete lack of innovation. Suppliers and manufacturers can fine-tune their innovation efforts to maximize expected benefits, making GTI decisions more adaptable and strong.

Green Tech Innovation: A Supply Chain Challenge

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