Gene Discovery: A Double-Edged Sword for Heart Health

Dallas, TX – A groundbreaking discovery by Zhao Zhang, a scientist at UT Southwestern Medical Center, has unveiled how a gene can both cause fatty livers and protect arteries. Zhang's research earned him the prestigious Jack Sarver Prize from the American Heart Association, including a $25,000 grant to continue his work.

The Gene's Dual Effect

The gene in focus, HELZ2, typically aids in breaking down molecules that carry protein-making instructions. However, when overactive, it disrupts the production of a protein responsible for transporting fat and cholesterol, leading to fatty liver disease in mice. Surprisingly, the same gene also prevents the buildup of plaque in arteries, reducing the risk of heart disease.

Metabolic Syndrome and Future Treatments

Zhang initially sought to understand metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions affecting one in three U.S. adults that heightens the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Using mice, his team studied how random genetic mutations impact metabolism. They found that an overactive HELZ2 gene causes fatty livers but also blocks atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in blood vessels).

This discovery could pave the way for new treatments, but the gene's dual effect means future therapies must carefully weigh risks and benefits. Zhang aims to develop drugs that treat one condition without worsening the other.

The Jack Sarver Prize

The American Heart Association established the Jack Sarver Prize to honor families affected by heart disease and support early- and mid-career scientists. This year, the award also recognized Dr. Zainab Mahmoud for her research on using low-dose aspirin to prevent preeclampsia in Nigerian women.