Amidst ongoing conflict, the Gaza Strip faces a new challenge as polio resurfaces after 25 years.

Following the detection of poliovirus in sewage samples, a 10-month-old was confirmed to have the disease. In response, over 1.2 million oral polio vaccines have been delivered, aiming to immunize 640,000 children under 10 years old.

However, maintaining the vaccines' temperature range and navigating the region's volatile situation present significant hurdles. The World Health Organization (WHO), Palestinian Ministry of Health, United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees, and other partners have joined forces to execute a strategic 'microplan' for the vaccine campaign. A ceasefire, or 'polio pause', is deemed crucial for the success of the initiative.

Despite broader negotiations to end the 10-month-old conflict, the timeline for a final agreement remains uncertain. The vaccine distribution plan involves each international organization assuming a specific role. WHO oversees vaccine approval, monitoring, testing, and ceasefire coordination, while UNICEF procures and supplies vaccines, refrigeration materials, and leads an awareness campaign.

UNRWA ensures the vaccines reach their destinations through health facilities, shelters, and mobile units. Protecting the cold chain is a critical responsibility for WHO and UNICEF, as the vaccines must be kept within a limited temperature range. The ongoing fuel shortages and power supply issues in Gaza further complicate this task.

The region's collapsing water, sewage, and healthcare systems, coupled with overcrowding, flooding, and plummeted vaccination rates, have turned Gaza into an 'epicenter for various diseases.' Beyond polio, cases of hepatitis, jaundice, diarrheal illnesses, and highly contagious skin rashes have surged. With nearly 86% of the Gaza Strip under evacuation orders and 9 in 10 people internally displaced, reaching the campaign's goal of at least 90% coverage is a daunting task.

The urgency of the polio vaccine campaign in Gaza cannot be overstated, as the virus can spread rapidly and 

Gaza's Race Against Time: Polio Vaccines Arrive Amid Conflict

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