The federal workforce, the country’s largest employer, is facing significant changes. The administration has ordered agencies to terminate nearly all probationary employees who haven’t yet gained civil service protection. This move could affect hundreds of thousands of workers.

        The Department of Veterans Affairs and the US Forest Service are among the first to feel the impact. The VA has already laid off over 1, 000 probationary workers, while the Forest Service is set to fire more than 3, 000. This decision, coming from the office of personnel management, is expected to be just the beginning of a larger wave of layoffs.

        Elon Musk, given wide leeway to slash government spending, has called for the elimination of entire agencies. He believes that removing the roots of the problem will prevent it from growing back. However, experts like Paul Light, a professor emeritus of public service at New York University, argue that these actions are more about harassing the workforce than improving efficiency.

        Layoffs are unlikely to yield significant deficit savings. The government spends $271bn annually on civilian federal workers, with a large portion going to key departments like Defense, Homeland Security, and Veterans Affairs. Even if all these workers were cut, the government would still run a deficit of over $1tn.

        The layoffs began earlier this week and have already hit various departments, including the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and the Department of Education. At least 39 workers were fired from the education department, including civil rights workers and special education specialists.

        The layoffs also impact critical research at the Department of Veterans Affairs, focusing on cancer treatment, opioid addiction, and more. Senator Patty Murray criticized the move, stating that these researchers are being fired despite their crucial work.

        Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility (Peer) warns that the agriculture department’s food safety and inspection service will be hit hard. Firing probationary employees could make the food system less safe and erode consumer confidence.

        The civilian federal workforce, not including military personnel and postal workers, consists of about 2. 4 million people. While about 20% work in Washington DC and neighboring states, more than 80% live outside the Capitol region.

        Trump’s initial attempt to downsize the workforce through a deferred resignation program, or buyout, offered to pay people until September if they agreed to quit. However, the number of workers who took the offer was less than the administration’s target, leading to further steps.

        Employees at the National Science Foundation and the housing and urban development department were told this week that large reductions – in some cases a halving of the workforce – would be coming. The National Science Foundation was told to expect a 25% to 50% reduction in force within two months, while the housing and urban development department was told to plan for a 50% reduction.

        The order Trump signed on Tuesday stipulated that government functions not required by law would be prioritized for cuts and hiring would be restricted. With exceptions for functions such as public safety, only one employee can be added for every four that leave. New hires would generally need the approval from a representative of Doge, expanding the influence of Musk’s team.

        Trump has been sharply critical of federal workers, especially those who want to keep working remotely. He believes that federal workers should not work from home and should instead engage in leisure activities. This stance is ironic given the administration’s efforts to cut federal office space and terminate worksite leases throughout the government.

Federal Government Layoffs: A New Wave of Job Cuts

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