Covalent-organic frameworks, or COFs, are like the superheroes of the materials world. These materials are designed with specific molecular structures to perform amazing tasks, like detecting tiny amounts of ammonia (NH3) at room temperature. Imagine two COFs, β-keto-AnCOF and imine-AnCOF, which have the same building blocks but different connections. Both are porous and act like semiconductors, but β-keto-AnCOF has an extra trick up its sleeve. It has side groups called ─C═O that make it super sensitive to ammonia. This COF can detect ammonia at incredibly low levels, down to 1 part per billion (ppb), and it does this reliably over a long period.

How does it work? When ammonia interacts with the ─C═O sites, it changes the electronic structure of β-keto-AnCOF. This change makes it easier to detect even the smallest amounts of ammonia. The result? A sensor that's not only highly sensitive but also very selective and stable. This means it won't get confused by other gases and will keep working well over time.

But why is this important? Ammonia is a common gas with many uses, from fertilizers to cleaning products. However, it can also be harmful if not handled properly. Having a sensor that can detect tiny amounts of ammonia is crucial for safety and environmental monitoring. This breakthrough could lead to better sensors for various applications, from industrial safety to environmental monitoring.

The development of these COFs shows how important it is to think carefully about the design of materials. By tweaking the molecular structure, scientists can create materials with amazing properties. This isn't just about making better sensors; it's about understanding how to engineer materials at the molecular level. As we learn more about COFs and other advanced materials, we open the door to new technologies that can improve our lives.

COFs: The Game Changers in Ammonia Detection

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