Cocaine and Meth Rise as New Drugs Fill Heroin’s Gap

The world is seeing a sharp rise in illegal drug trade, with cocaine production hitting record levels and methamphetamine seizures climbing. In 2024, about 4, 100 metric tons of pure cocaine were produced—a four‑fold jump over the past decade. Meth production also grew, with seizures indicating a 13% annual increase. The decline in heroin supply, caused by Afghanistan’s new rule banning opium cultivation, has left a void. New synthetic opioids such as fentanyls and nitazenes are stepping in, especially in Europe. Reports of these new psychoactive substances (NPS) spiked across many regions, with Europe and Oceania seeing the biggest jumps.

Cocaine consumption patterns are shifting. The drug is now used more in everyday settings and among lower‑income groups, with crack cocaine becoming more common. Prices have fallen while purity has risen, making it easier for users to access. The rise in meth and cocaine is matched by a growing demand. Treatment data shows increased crack use across Western and Central Europe since 2015, indicating a broader trend toward these drugs.

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