Bird Flu in Washington: What You Need to Know

First Human Case in Nine Months

A person in Washington state has contracted a rare type of bird flu (H5N5), marking the first human case in the US in nine months. The individual is elderly, has underlying health conditions, and resides in Grays Harbor County. They were hospitalized earlier this month with avian influenza.

Officials suspect exposure to backyard chickens as a possible source of infection, though the exact transmission route remains unclear.

How Bird Flu Spreads

Bird flu spreads through:

• Saliva
• Mucus
• Feces from infected animals
• Raw or unpasteurized dairy products

The risk of infection increases during late fall and winter due to bird migration and animal mixing.

Current Outbreak and Risks

• The current US outbreak began in January 2022.
• Unlike past outbreaks, this strain is spreading more among mammals.
• There is no confirmed human-to-human transmission in the US, but officials are monitoring contacts of the infected individual.
• The CDC considers the public risk low, but experts warn of a potential pandemic if the virus mutates.

Human Cases and Symptoms

• 70 human cases reported in the US during this outbreak.
• 1 death (January 2024) – an elderly person with underlying health issues.
• Most cases result in mild symptoms (e.g., red eyes, fever).
• Some cases have been severe, primarily affecting those working closely with animals (e.g., cattle, poultry).

Prevention and Safety Measures

For Animal Workers

• Wear protective gear when handling animals.
• Avoid contact with animal feces.

For General Public

• Wear gloves when cleaning bird feeders or areas with bird droppings.
• Disinfect surfaces with:
• 1 part bleach to 10 parts water
• Commercial disinfectants (e.g., Lysol spray).
• Avoid touching sick or dead wildlife.
• If disposing of a dead bird:
• Wear a well-fitting face mask and disposable gloves.
• Use an inside-out plastic bag to pick up the carcass.
• Double-bag the bird and dispose of it in a sealed trash can.
• Wash hands thoroughly afterward.

Food Safety

• Avoid uncooked, undercooked, or unpasteurized foods (e.g., raw cheese, raw milk).
• Get a seasonal flu shot to reduce the risk of co-infection with bird flu.