The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) and information and communication technology (ICT) has significantly impacted many aspects of society. One of the most concerning effects is how these technologies are shaping the political landscape, particularly in the realm of democracy. Over the past decade, there has been a noticeable trend: the advancement of AI and ICT has often worked against the progress of democracy in many countries.

The key to understanding this phenomenon lies in the concept of technology complementarity. This means that certain technologies naturally align better with specific groups. In the case of AI and ICT, these tools tend to favor those in power. Governments, especially in authoritarian or fragile democratic states, have easier access to vast amounts of administrative data. This data can be used to monitor and control civil society, making it harder for democratic movements to gain traction.

This isn't just a theory. Research has shown that when governments have better access to technology, they can use it to tighten their grip on power. This leads to a vicious cycle where the more advanced the technology, the less democratic the society becomes. It's a stark reminder that technology, while powerful, can be a double-edged sword. It can either empower citizens or be used to suppress them, depending on who controls it.

The situation is particularly dire in countries with fragile democracies. These nations are often on the brink of either becoming more democratic or slipping back into authoritarianism. The advancement of AI and ICT can tip the scale in favor of the latter. This is why it's crucial to understand the implications of these technologies and work towards ensuring they are used for the betterment of society, not just for the benefit of those in power.

In essence, the relationship between AI, ICT, and democracy is complex. While these technologies have the potential to revolutionize many aspects of life, they also pose significant risks. It's up to society to navigate these challenges and ensure that technology serves the interests of all, not just the few.

AI and Democracy: A Double-Edged Sword

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